Table 7. Time course of natural resource management in the WA agricultural region (1889–2003) as represented by successive iterations of the adaptive cycle


DateDevelopment
history
CycleDuration
(Years)
Phase
Social–economic
Event or practices
that characterize the phases

1889–1929 The Forward Move140exploitation (r)
conservation (K)
Land settlement and expansion
of agricultural areas, high wheat
and wool prices
1929–1945 Depression and War116release (W)Low wheat and wool prices,
farms abandoned, drought
1945–1949 Recovery14reorganization (α)Farm amalgamation, technological
and scientific innovation
Years per cycle: 60
1949–1969 Post-war Boom220exploitation (r)
conservation (K)
Expansion of agricultural lands, favorable
climatic conditions, cheap and abundant
fuel, overproduction
1969–1979 A Troubled Decade210release (W)Market regulation (wheat quota
introduced), widespread land
degradation, including salinity, drought
1980–1990 Environmental Awareness210reorganization (α)Habitat protection (Conservation
through Reserves), Australian
Conservation Foundation and National
Farmers Federation alliance
1990–2000 Decade of Landcare210reorganization (α)Institutional reorganization through
partnership programs at national,
state, and regional levels for
natural resource management
2000–? The Turn of the Century23+reorganization (α)Industrial agriculture, increase in use
of market-based mechanisms
Years per cycle: 63+