|
No. specimens
|
No. species
|
No. specimens/
species |
No. singletons
|
Proportion of
singletonsa
|
Sampling duration
|
Area (ha)
|
Flower data
|
Location
|
Reference
|
|||
|
Months
|
Days
|
Hoursb
|
List
|
No. spp.
|
||||||||
|
-
|
333
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
182
|
-
|
-
|
Y
|
-
|
USA, UT, San Rafael Desert (scattered years, 1966-1993) |
Griswold et al. (1998)c
|
|
15000
|
214
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
81,300
|
Y/N
|
all
|
USA, IL, Carlinville and surrounding areas |
Robertson (1928)
|
|
8114
|
212
|
38.27
|
52
|
0.25
|
12
|
52
|
468.0
|
100.0
|
Y
|
all
|
Brazil, Ribeiaro Preto SP (gardens, abandoned area,
University campus, w/o Meliponines)
|
Camargo and Mazucato (1984)
|
|
1904
|
169
|
11.27
|
68
|
0.40
|
12
|
52
|
408.0
|
2.1
|
N
|
all
|
Brazil, Viçosa
|
Cure et al. (1993)
|
|
4642
|
169
|
27.47
|
35
|
0.21
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
Ukraine, Carpathian Mts.
|
Osychnyuk (1967)
|
|
5241
|
168
|
31.20
|
26
|
0.15
|
12
|
-
|
-
|
>10,000
|
Y/N
|
all
|
USA, IL, Chicago area
|
Pearson (1933)
|
|
1906
|
167
|
11.41
|
49
|
0.29
|
12
|
43
|
150.0
|
107.0
|
N
|
all
|
Brazil, S.J. dos Pinhais PR (secondary grassland)
|
Bortoli and Laroca (1990)
|
|
4217
|
167
|
25.25
|
53
|
0.32
|
12
|
36
|
144.0
|
21.0
|
N
|
all
|
Brazil, S.J. dos Pinhais, PR (secondary grassland)
|
Sakagami et al. (1967)
|
|
2361
|
158
|
14.94
|
43
|
0.27
|
12
|
36
|
216.0
|
15.0
|
N
|
all
|
Brazil, Lapa, PR (field impacted by cattle grazing)
|
Barbola and Laroca (1993)
|
|
-
|
151
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
8
|
30
|
120.0
|
1.0
|
Y/N
|
all
|
USA, WY (shortgrass prairie)
|
Tepedino and Stanton (1981)
|
|
-
|
144
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
8
|
30
|
120.0
|
1.6
|
Y/N
|
all
|
USA, WY (shortgrass prairie)
|
Tepedino and Stanton (1981)
|
|
2996
|
145
|
20.66
|
23
|
0.16
|
12
|
90
|
-
|
7.7
|
Y/N
|
all
|
USA, MI, E.S. George Reserve (1972-1973)
|
Evans database, U. Michigan
|
|
1226
|
128
|
9.58
|
54
|
0.42
|
12
|
24
|
195.0
|
1.0
|
Y
|
all
|
Brazil, Uberlandia, MG (cerrado)
|
Carvalho and Bego (1996)
|
|
874
|
119
|
7.34
|
46
|
0.39
|
12
|
18
|
82.0
|
1.0
|
Y
|
all
|
Brazil, Ponte Nova (abandoned pasture near small forest)
|
Silveira et al. (1993)
|
|
712
|
98
|
7.27
|
33
|
0.34
|
6
|
26
|
75.0
|
1.4
|
|
all
|
Brazil, Viçosa
|
Cure et al. (1992)
|
|
634
|
90
|
7.04
|
28
|
0.31
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
Y
|
all
|
USA, MS, Hattiesburg
|
Michener (1947)
|
|
2430
|
89
|
27.30
|
16
|
0.18
|
6
|
24
|
96.0
|
-
|
Y
|
all (76)
|
Japan, eastern Hokkaido
|
Usui et al. (1976)
|
|
3744
|
85
|
44.05
|
14
|
0.16
|
6
|
25
|
92
|
9
|
-
|
all
|
Japan, Hokkaido Botanical Garden
|
Sakagami and Fukuda (1973)
|
|
2789
|
78
|
40.23
|
19
|
0.24
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
N
|
all
|
USA, MA, near Cambridge
|
Stubblefield et al. (1993)
|
|
3099
|
77
|
40.25
|
13
|
0.17
|
6
|
25
|
89
|
150
|
-
|
all
|
Japan, Hokkaido University
|
Sakagami and Fukuda (1973)
|
|
1045
|
55
|
19.00
|
11
|
0.20
|
5
|
18
|
56.5
|
35
|
N
|
all
|
Japan, eastern Hokkaido
|
Fukuda et al. (1973)
|
|
950
|
45
|
21.11
|
20
|
0.44
|
12
|
24
|
195.0
|
-
|
N
|
all
|
Brazil, S. Joao do Cariri, PB caatinga
|
Aguiar and Martins (1997)
|
|
848
|
24
|
35.33
|
3
|
0.13
|
-
|
-
|
115.0
|
-
|
N
|
all
|
Japan, eastern Hokkaido
|
Uehira et al. (1979)
|
|
417
|
22
|
18.95
|
6
|
0.27
|
4
|
-
|
-
|
290.0
|
Y/N
|
all
|
USA, CA, Anacapa Is.
|
Rust (1985)
|
|
211
|
13
|
16.23
|
3
|
0.23
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
Germany
|
Kratochwil (1988)
|
|
149
|
11
|
13.55
|
1
|
0.09
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
Japan, Ogasawara Is.
|
Kato (1992)
|
|
361
|
37
|
9.76
|
7
|
0.19
|
2
|
5
|
40.0
|
-
|
Y
|
1
|
USA, WY, Grand Tetons National Park
|
Tepedino and Stackhouse (1987)
|
|
560
|
25
|
22.40
|
6
|
0.24
|
4
|
6
|
72.0
|
1.0
|
Y
|
1
|
USA, AZ, Tucson (undisturbed
Larrea stand, one plant)
|
Minckley and Cane (unpublished)
|
|
757
|
25
|
30.28
|
8
|
0.32
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
Y
|
1
|
Germany
|
Kratochwil (1988)
|
|
250
|
13
|
19.23
|
4
|
0.31
|
4
|
4
|
12.0
|
1.0
|
Y
|
1
|
USA, AZ, Tucson (undisturbed
Larrea stand, one plant)
|
Minckley et al. (1999)
|
|
115
|
13
|
8.85
|
4
|
0.31
|
1
|
4
|
8.0
|
0.5
|
Y
|
1
|
USA, NE, Cherry Co.
(Penstemon)
|
Lawson et al. (1989)
|
|
105
|
8
|
13.13
|
4
|
0.50
|
1
|
2
|
4.0
|
1.0
|
Y
|
1
|
USA, NE, Morrill Co.
(Penstemon)
|
Lawson et al. (1989)
|
|
1959
|
54
|
36.28
|
12
|
0.22
|
1
|
2
|
37.5
|
-
|
Y
|
1
|
USA, NM, Hidalgo Co., near Rodeo
|
Hurd et al. (1980)
|
|
1095
|
41
|
26.71
|
12
|
0.29
|
1
|
2
|
25.0
|
-
|
Y
|
1
|
USA, NM, Hidalgo Co., near Animas
|
Hurd et al. (1980)
|
|
174
|
26
|
6.69
|
8
|
0.31
|
1
|
2
|
11.0
|
-
|
Y
|
1
|
USA, NM, Grant Co., near Silver City
|
Hurd et al. (1980)
|
|
211
|
23
|
9.17
|
8
|
0.35
|
1
|
1
|
6.0
|
-
|
Y
|
1
|
USA, AZ, Cochise Co., Benson
|
Hurd et al. (1980)
|
|
734
|
16
|
45.88
|
2
|
0.13
|
1
|
1
|
42.0
|
-
|
Y
|
1
|
USA, CA, Madera Co., Madera
|
Hurd et al. (1980)
|
|
1404
|
14
|
100.29
|
5
|
0.36
|
1
|
1
|
12.5
|
-
|
Y
|
1
|
USA, CA, San Joaquin Co., Escalon
|
Hurd et al. (1980)
|
|
677
|
12
|
56.42
|
4
|
0.33
|
1
|
1
|
7.0
|
-
|
Y
|
1
|
USA, CA, Kings Canyon, Corcoran
|
Hurd et al. (1980)
|
|
502
|
10
|
50.20
|
5
|
0.50
|
1
|
1
|
7.5
|
-
|
Y
|
1
|
USA, CA, Riverside Co., Indio
|
Hurd et al. (1980)
|
|
264
|
10
|
26.40
|
4
|
0.40
|
1
|
1
|
7.5
|
-
|
Y
|
1
|
USA, CA, Inyo Co., Bishop
|
Hurd et al. (1980)
|
|
1293
|
9
|
143.67
|
0
|
0.00
|
1
|
1
|
11.0
|
-
|
Y
|
1
|
USA, CA, Madera Co., Madera
|
Hurd et al. (1980)
|
|
703
|
9
|
78.11
|
1
|
0.11
|
1
|
1
|
9.0
|
-
|
Y
|
1
|
USA, CA, Madera Co., Madera
|
Hurd et al. (1980)
|
|
338
|
9
|
37.56
|
0
|
0.00
|
1
|
1
|
8.0
|
-
|
Y
|
1
|
USA, CA, Merced Co., Merced
|
Hurd et al. (1980)
|
|
82
|
24
|
3.42
|
13
|
0.54
|
1
|
3
|
0.5
|
|
N
|
1
|
USA, NY, Finger Lakes (cultivated site-CF)
|
MacKenzie and Eickwort (1996)
|
|
68
|
19
|
3.58
|
8
|
0.42
|
1
|
3
|
0.5
|
|
N
|
1
|
USA, NY, Finger Lakes (cultivated site-CP)
|
MacKenzie and Eickwort (1996)
|
|
51
|
17
|
3.00
|
6
|
0.35
|
1
|
3
|
0.5
|
|
N
|
1
|
USA, NY, Finger Lakes (natural site-NF)
|
MacKenzie and Eickwort (1996)
|
|
44
|
18
|
2.44
|
9
|
0.50
|
1
|
3
|
0.5
|
|
N
|
1
|
USA, NY, Finger Lakes (natural site-NS)
|
MacKenzie and Eickwort (1996)
|