Appendix 1. List of the studies containing frequency data of Drosophila subobscura chromosomal inversion polymorphisms in natural populations throughout the Palearctic.

1. Andjelkovic, M., and D. Sperlich. 1973. Inversion polymorphism in a Pannonian population of Drosophila subobscura. Egyptian Journal of Genetics and Cytology 2: 144-147.

2. Bächli, G., H. Burla, and H. Jungen. 1982. Drosophila subobscura in Egypt and its probable derivation. Genetica 59: 3-7.

3. Brehm, A., and C. B. Krimbas. 1988. The inversion polymorphism of Drosophila subobscura natural populations from Portugal. Genética Ibérica 39: 235-248.

4. Burla, H., and W. Götz. 1965. Veränderlichkeit des chromosomalen Polymorphismus bei Drosophila subobscura. Genetica 36: 83-104.

5. Burla, H., H. Jungen, and G. Bächli. 1986. Population structure of Drosophila subobscura: nonrandom microdispersion of inversion polymorphism on a mountain slope. Genetica 70: 9-15.

6. Charlesworth, B., D. Charlesworth, and M. Loukas. 1979. A study of linkage disequilibrium in British populations of Drosophila subobscura, with an appendix by K. Morgan. Genetics 92: 983-994.

7. de Frutos, R. 1972. Contribution to the study of chromosomal polymorphism in the Spanish populations of Drosophila subobscura. Genética Ibérica 24: 123-140.

8. de Frutos, R., and A. Prevosti. 1984. Temporal changes of chromosomal polymorphism in natural populations of Drosophila subobscura. Genetica 63: 181-187.

9. Fontdevila, A., C. Zapata, G. Álvarez, L. Sánchez, J. Méndez, and I. Enríquez. 1983. Genetic coadaptation in the chromosomal polymorphism of Drosophila subobscura. I. Seasonal changes of gametic disequilibrium in a natural population. Genetics 105: 935-955.

10. García, M. P., and A. Prevosti. 1981. Association between allozyme alleles and chromosomal arrangements of the O chromosome in Drosophila subobscura. I. Data of natural populations. Genética Ibérica 33: 151-174.

11. Goldschmidt, E. 1956. Chromosomal polymorphism in a population of Drosophila subobscura from Israel. Journal of Genetics 54: 474-496.

12. Goldschmidt, E. 1956. Structural polymorphism in the Israel race of Drosophila subobscura. Bulletin of the Research Council of Israel 5B(3-4): 316-317.

13. Goldschmidt, E. 1958. Polymorphism and coadaptation in natural populations of Drosophila subobscura. Proceedings of the 10th International Congress of Entomology (Montreal) 2: 821-828.

14. Gosteli, M. 1990. Chromosomal polymorphism in natural populations of Drosophila subobscura near Zurich, Switzerland: a contribution to long-term comparisons. Genetica 81: 199-204.

15. Gosteli, M. 1991. Differential flight activity among karyotypes: daily and weather-induced changes in chromosomal inversion polymorphism in natural populations of Drosophila subobscura. Genetica 84: 129-136.

16. Götz, W. 1965. Chromosomaler polymorphismus in einem muster von Drosophila subobscura aus Marokko, mit darstellung der heterozygotieverhältnisse als heterozygotiediagram. Zeitchsrift Induktive Abstammungs-u. Vererbungslehre 97: 40-45.

17. Götz, W. 1967. Untersuchungen über den chromosomalen Strukturpolymorphismus in kleinasiatischen und persischen Populationen von Drosophila subobscura Collin. Molecular and General Genetics 100: 1-38.

18. Jungen, H. 1966. Chromosomal polymorphism in a natural population of Drosophila subobscura from Tunis. Drosophila Information Service 41: 173.

19. Jungen, H. 1968. Inversions polymorphismus in tunesischen Populationen von Drosophila subobscura Collin. Archiv. Julius Klaus-stiftung für Vererbungsforschung, Sozialanthropolgie und Rassen 43: 1-55.

20. Knight, G. R. 1961. Structural polymorphism in Drosophila subobscura Coll. from various localities in Scotland. Genetical Research 2: 1-9.

21. Krimbas, C. B. 1992. The inversion polymorphism of Drosophila subobscura. Pages 127-220 in C. B. Krimbas and J. R. Powell, editors. Drosophila inversion polymorphism. CRC Press. Boca Raton, Florida, USA.

22. Krimbas, C. B. 1963. Inversion polymorphism in natural populations of Drosophila subobscura in Greece. Drosophila Information Service 37: 95-96.

23. Krimbas, C. B. 1964. The genetics of Drosophila subobscura populations. II. Inversion polymorphism in a population from Holland. Zeitchsrift Induktive Abstammungs-u. Vererbungslehre 95: 125-128.

24. Krimbas, C. B. 1965. Further data on inversion polymorphism of Drosophila subobscura in Greece. Drosophila Information Service 40: 45.

25. Krimbas, C. B. 1965. The genetics of Drosophila subobscura populations. I. Inversion polymorphism in populations of southern Greece. Evolution 18: 541-552.

26. Krimbas, C. B. 1967. The genetics of Drosophila subobscura populations. III. Inversion polymorphism and climatic factors. Molecular and General Genetics 99: 133-150.

27. Krimbas, C. B. 1971. Gene arrangement frequencies in Pindos population of D. subobscura. Drosophila Information Service 47: 84.

28. Krimbas, C. B., and J. R. Powell, editors. 1992. Drosophila inversion polymorphism. CRC Press. Boca Raton, Florida, USA.

29. Krimbas, C. B., and V. Alevizos. 1973. Appendix in A. Saura's, S., J. Lakovaara, J. Lokki, and P. Lankinen. Genic variation in central and marginal populations of Drosophila subobscura. Hereditas 75: 44.

30. Krimbas, C. B., and V. Alevizos. 1973. The genetics of Drosophila subobscura populations. IV. Further data on inversion polymorphism in Greece. Evidence for microdifferentiation. Egyptian Journal of Genetics and Cytology 2: 121-132.

31. Krimbas, C. B., and M. Loukas.1979. Inferred gene arrangements in 14 natural populations of Drosophila subobscura. European Drosophila Population Biology Group Bulletin 3: 1-7.

32. Krimbas, C. B., and M. Loukas. 1980. The inversion polymorphism of Drosophila subobscura. Evolutionary Biology 12: 163-234.

33. Krimbas, C. B., M. Loukas, and E. Diamantopoulou. 1971. Gene arrangement and gene frequencies in Mt. Parnes population of Drosophila subobscura. Drosophila Information Service 46.

34. Krimbas, C.B. 1963. Inversion polymorphism in southern Greek populations of Drosophila subobscura. Drosophila Information Service 38: 81.

35. Kunze-Mühl, E., E. Müller, and D. Sperlich. 1958. Qualitative, quantitative und jahreszeitliche untersuchungen über den chromosomalen polymorphismus natürlicher populationen von Drosophila subobscura Coll. in der umgebung vo wien. Zeitchsrift Induktive Abstammungs-u. Vererbungslehre 89: 636-646.

36. Kunze-Mühl, E., and E. Müller. 1958. Weitere Untersuchungen über die chromosomale Struktur und natürlichen Strukturtypen von Drosophila subobscura. Chromosoma (Berlin) 9: 559-570.

37. Kunze-Mühl, E., and D. Sperlich. 1955. Inversionen und chromosomale Strukturtypen bei Drosophila subobscura Coll. Zeitchsrift Induktive Abstammungs-u. Vererbungslehre 87: 65-84.

38. Kunze-Mühl, E., and D. Sperlich. 1962. Vergleichende Untersuchungen über den chromosomalen Strukturpolymorphismus in Insel- und Festland-Populationen von Drosophila subobscura. Zeitchsrift Induktive Abstammungs-u. Vererbungslehre 93: 237-248.

39. Larruga, J. M., V. M. Cabrera, A. M. González, and A. Gullón. 1983. Molecular and chromosomal polymorphism in continental and insular populations from the south-western range of D. subobscura. Genetica 60: 191-205.

40. Larruga, J. M., J. Rozas, M. Hernández, A. M. González, and V. M. Cabrera. 1993. Latitudinal differences in sex chromosome inversions, sex- linked allozymes, and mitochondrial DNA variation in Drosophila subobscura. Genetica 92: 67-74.

41. Loukas, M., and C. B. Krimbas. 1975. The genetics of Drosophila subobscura populations. V. A study of linkage disequilibrium in natural populations between genes and inversions of the E chromosome. Genetics 80: 331-347.

42. Loukas, M., C. B. Krimbas, and K. Morgan. 1980. The genetics of Drosophila subobscura populations: XVI. Further data on linkage disequilibrium. Genetics 95: 757-768.

43. Loukas, M., C. B. Krimbas, and Y. Vergini. 1979. The genetics of Drosophila subobscura populations. IX. Studies on linkage disequilibrium in four natural populations. Genetics 93: 497-523.

44. Loukas, M., Y. Vergini, and C. B. Krimbas. 1981. The genetics of Drosophila subobscura populations. XVII. Further genetic heterogeneity within electromorphs by urea denaturation. The effect of increased genetic variability on linkage disequilibrium studies. Genetics 97: 429-441.

45. Malogolowkin-Cohen, Ch. 1980. Inversion polymorphism in Drosophila subobscura in Israel. Drosophila Information Service 55: 90.

46. Malogolowkin-Cohen, Ch., and D. Sperlich. 1981. The effect of isolation and marginality on the inversion polymorphism of Drosophila subobscura in Israel. Revista Brasileira de Genetica 4: 213-230.

47. Martínez-Sebastián, M. J., A. Lattore, and R. de Frutos. 1984. Chromosomal polymorphismn of "Drosophila subobscura" populations sampled at different altitudes. Genética Ibérica 36: 1-12.

48. Mennozzi, P., and C. B. Krimbas. 1992. The inversion polymorphism of Drosophila subobscura revisited : synthetic maps of gene arrangements frequencies and their interpretation. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 5: 625-641.

49. Mestres, F., J. Balanya, C. Segarra, and L. Serra. 1989. Study of the association between the O5 chromosomal inversion and a lethal gene in paleartic and colonizing populations of D. subobscura. Abstracts 11th European Drosophila Research Conference, Marseilles, 45.

50. Mestres, F., J. Balanya, C. Segarra, A. Prevosti, and L. Serra. 1994. O chromosome inversion polymorphism in Northern and Atlantic Europe and its implications in the American colonization by Drosophila subobscura. Zeitschrift fuer Zoologische Systematik und Evolutionsforschung 32: 108-116.

51. Orengo, D-J., and A. Prevosti. 1996. Temporal changes in chromosomal polymorphisms of Drosophila subobscura related to climate changes. Evolution 50: 1346-1350.

52. Pentzos-Daponte, A. 1964. Qualitative und quantitative Untersuchungen über den chromosomalen Polymorphismus natürlicher Populationen von Drosophila subobscura in der Umgebung von Thessaloniki (Griechenland). Zeitchsrift Induktive Abstammungs-u. Vererbungslehre 95: 129-144.

53. Pentzos-Daponte, A. 1964. Qualitative und quantitative untersuchungenüber den chromosomalen polymorphismus naturlicher populationen von Drosophila subobscura. Zeitschrift für Vererbungslehre 97: 46-54.

54. Pinsker, W., and D. Sperlich. 1979. Allozyme variation in natural populations of Drosophila subobscura along a north-south gradient. Genetica 50: 207-214.

55. Pinsker, W., P. Lankinen, and D. Sperlich. 1978. Allozyme and inversion polymorphism in a central population of Drosophila subobscura. Genetica 48: 207-219.

56. Prevosti, A. 1966. Chromosomal polymorphisms in Western Mediterranean populations of Drosophila subobscura. Genetical Research 7: 149-158.

57. Prevosti, A. 1964. Tipos cromosómicos de Drosophila subobscura en una población de Lagrasse (Francia). Genética Ibérica 16: 1-19.

58. Prevosti, A. 1964. Chromosomal polymorphism in Drosophila subobscura populations from Barcelona (Spain). Genetical Research 5: 27-38.

59. Prevosti, A. 1966. Chromosomal polymorphism in Western Mediterranean populations of Drosophila subobscura. Genetical Research 7: 149-158.

60. Prevosti, A. 1968. Efecto de la cordillera pirenaica sobre la distribución geográfica de las ordenaciones cromosómicas de Drosophila subobscura. Pirineos 79-80: 221-228.

61. Prevosti, A. 1971. Chromosomal polymorphism in Drosophila subobscura Coll. populations from the Canary Islands. Genética Ibérica 23: 69-84.

62. Prevosti, A. 1972. Chromosomal polymorphism in Drosophila subobscura populations from the Madeira Island. Genética Ibérica 24: 11-21.

63. Prevosti, A. 1974. Chromosomal inversion polymorphism in the southwestern range of Drosophila subobscura distribution area. Genetica 45: 111-124.

64. Prevosti, A., R. de Frutos, G. Alonso, A. Latorre, M. Monclús, and M. J. Martínez. 1984. Genetic differentiation between natural populations of Drosophila subobscura in the Western Mediterranean area with respect to chromosomal variation. Genetics, Selection and Evolution 16: 143-156.

65. Rodríguez-Trelles, F., G. Álvarez, and C. Zapata. 1996. Time-series analysis of seasonal changes of the O inversion polymorphism of Drosophila subobscura. Genetics 142: 179-187.

66. Sperlich, D. 1961. Untersuchungen über den chromosomalen polymorphismus einer population von Drosophila subobscura auf den Liparischen Inseln. Zeitschrift für Vererbungslehere 92: 74-84.

67. Sperlich, D. 1964. Chromosomale Strukturanalysen und Fertilitätsprüfung an einer marginal Population von Drosophila subobscura. Zeitchsrift Induktive Abstammungs-u. Vererbungslehre 95: 73-81.

68. Sperlich, D., and E. Kunze-Mühl. 1963. Der chromosomale polymorphismus einer population von Drosophila subobscura auf der Insel Ustica mi Vergleich mit anderen Insel- und Festland-standorten. Zeitchsrift Induktive Abstammungs-u. Vererbungslehre 94: 94-100.

69. Sperlich, D., and H. Feuerbach. 1966. Ist der chromosomale Struktur-polymorphismus von Drosophila subobscura stabil oder flexibel? Zeitchsrift Induktive Abstammungs-u. Vererbungslehre 98: 16-24.

70. Sperlich, D., W. Pinsker, and V. G. Mitrofanov. 1981. Genetic characterization of a natural population of Drosophila subobscura from the Northern Caucasus (USSR) in comparison with other population samples. Genetica 54: 329-334.

71. Stumm-Zollinger, E. 1953. Vergleichende Untersuchung über die Inversionshaufigkeit bei Drosophila subobscura in Populationen der Schweiz und Sudwesteuropas. Zeitchsrift Induktive Abstammungs-u. Vererbungslehre 85: 382-407.

72. Stumm-Zollinger, E., and E. Goldschmidt. 1959. Geographical differentiation on inversion systems in Drosophila subobscura. Evolution 13: 89-98.

73. Zivanovic, G., M. Milanovic, and M. Andjelkovic. 1995. Chromosomal inversion polymorphism of Drosophila subobscura populations from Jastrebc mountain shows temporal and habitat-related changes. Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research 33: 81-83.

74. Zivanovic, G., M. Milanovic, and M. Andjelkovic. 1995. Inversion polymorphism in Drosophila subobscura from Jastrebac Mountain and localization of the gene arrangement O3+4+1 distribution. Drosophila Information Service 76: 91-92.

75. Zouros, E., C. B. Krimbas, S. Tsakas, and M. Loukas. 1974. Genic versus chromosomal variation in natural populations of Drosophila subobscura. Genetics 78:1223-1244. (with an appendix by M. Loukas, S. Tsakas, C. B. Krimbas, E. Zouros, E. Diamantopoulou-Panopoulou, and V. Alevizos).