Table 1. Definitions, meanings, and uses of measures employed in analyzing REDD+ policy networks in Nepal.

Social network analysis measure Definition Meaning in practice What it measures
In-degree centrality Sum of an actor’s incoming ties† Level of activity or popularity of a given actor as identified by others Level of perceived influence and involvement in information exchange/collaboration
In-degree centralization Degree of inequality or variance in a network as a percentage of that of a perfect star (completely centralized) network of the same size‡ Extent to which nodes are connected to one central actor in a network via incoming ties Concentration of power in information exchange/collaboration
Betweenness centrality Number of times an actor connects pairs of other actors who otherwise could not reach one another† Individual actor’s potential to control relations or flows of information and resources between other actors who it connects Degree of “brokerage” in (control over) information exchange/collaboration
Betweenness centralization Degree of inequality or concentration in the distribution of betweenness centralities among actors relative to that of a perfect star (completely centralized) network‡ Average difference in centrality between the most central node and all others§ Concentration of control of information exchange/collaboration
Core–periphery ratio Number of actors found in the core (those with high density of mutual ties) vs. the periphery (those with low density of mutual ties)‡ Proportion of those actors who interact most frequently with each other (core) to those who interact seldom with each other (periphery) Proportion of actors strongly/weakly involved in information exchange/collaboration (core actors as a percentage of all actors)
(Group) Homophily Extent to which two actors (or groups) who share some attribute form social ties with each other‡ Degree of interaction among like actors (or groups) Extent of information exchange/collaboration (i.e., deliberation) within and among actor groups
†Source: Hawe et al. (2004).
‡Source: Hanneman and Riddle (2005).
§Source: White and Borgatti (1994).