Table 1. Summary of the arguments used to support and oppose the removal of four dams in Sweden in media coverage of the conflict, categorized by the frame type invoked.



	Alby		Hallstahammar		Tallåsen		Orsa

Frame	Support	Oppose	Support	Oppose	Support	Oppose	Support	Oppose

Provisioning	Fish migration routes†	Loss of pedestrian access; too little water for fish	Increase biological diversity; fish migration†	Loss of pedestrian access	Fish migration†; improve biotope	Negative effects of plants/animals in riparian zone	Nationally important species	Loss of productive river bottom and shallow bays
Regulating	Risk of dam failure at high flow	High flow without dam unsafe for children	-	Dams are a damage protection measure	Less problems with property flooding	-	-	Creeks and small streams will dry up
Cultural: recreation	-	Loss of bathing place	Possible to introduce trout; stone pillars remain for fishing	-	Increase in angling and tourism	Loss of fish farmed for stream stocking; less recreation	Sport fishing; outdoor recreation	Salmon and grayling can migrate with current structure
Cultural: aesthetics	-	Loss of reflecting pond; views changed	Running water	Loss of reflecting pond and views	Free flowing water	“Naked muddy” stream banks; loss of reflecting pond	-	-
Cultural: heritage	-	Existed > 100 yr; village built around pond	Stones remain to mark dam locations	Cultural heritage of industrial area	-	Cultural heritage of mill, dam, power station	-	Save “old culture”
Restoration	Restore “natural state”	Earlier judgments about water level should not be changed	Restore “natural stream environment”	-	Restore “natural stream”	-	-	-
Economics	No maintenance cost	-	Reduced cost	-	Repair too expensive; increased tourism	Loss of salmon hatchery	Tourism money	Support fish farming

†In the media coverage, fish migration routes are directly stated as the goal, which is considered a provisioning service resulting in increased fish populations. Note, however, that specific fish (e.g., brown trout) are mentioned as desirable, meaning that recreational fishing is the underlying goal, so the service could be considered cultural-recreation, even though the media does not present it as such.