Table 1. Description of forest management approaches (FMAs), following Duncker et al. (2012).



FMA	Description	Intensity of management

I	Nature reserve	No intervention
II	Close-to-nature	Interventions mimic natural processes
III	Combined objective forestry	Limited interventions
IV	Even-aged forestry	Interventions follow production goals
V	Short rotation forestry	Intensive management for maximum biomass