Table 3. Name and relative likelihood (weight) of the five most frequent hazards in the eight regional case studies

The relative likelihood of hazards was estimated as the percentage of trees affected by each of the five hazards at the stand level, according to the patterns of occurrence observed during the last 30–50 years. Then percentages were transformed in relative proportions (sum = 100%)

Case study	Hazard #1	Hazard #2	Hazard #3	Hazard #4	Hazard #5
PT-Euc	leaf rust	leaf beetle	gall insect	fire	stem canker
	M. spp.	G. scutellatus	C. spatulata		B. dothidea
	43%	26%	26%	4%	1%
FR-Mar	defoliator	stem borer	wind	fire	root rot
	T. pityocampa	D. sylvestrella			H. annosum
	47%	47%	3%	2%	1%
UK-Sit	game	wind	weevil	aphid	fire
	C. elaphus		H. abietis	E. abietinum
	81%	9%	5%	4%	1%
UK-Sco	game	wind	weevil	foliar disease	fire
	C. elaphus		H. abietis	D. septosporum
	81%	9%	5%	4%	1%
PL-Sco	game	root rot	weevil	sawfly	wind
	C. elaphus	H. annosum	H. abietis	A. nemoralis
	47%	19%	15%	12%	7%
SU-Sco	root rot	weevil	game	bark beetle	wind
	H. annosum	H. abietis		I. typographus
	38%	28%	19%	8%	8%
GE-Nor	root rot	wind	bark beetle	snow	game
	H. annosum		I. typographus		C.s elaphus
	58%	20%	20%	1%	1%
AU-Nor	bark beetle	wind	snow	game	sawfly
	I. typographus			C. elaphus	P. abietina
	25%	25%	20%	20%	10%
Most frequent biotic hazards : Mycosphaerella spp, Gonipterus scutellatus, Ctenarytaina spatulata, Botryosphaeria dothidea, Thaumetopoea pityocampa, Dioryctria sylvestrella, Cervus elaphus, Heterobasidion annosum, Hylobius abietis, Elatobium abietinum, Dothistroma septosporum, Acantholyda nemoralis, Ips typographus, Pristiphora abietina.