Table 10. Perceived social-economic impacts among former landowners and customary users.

Site 1 (n = 41) Site 2 (n = 60) Site 3 (n = 15) Average
Variable negative no impact positive negative no impact positive negative no impact positive negative no impact positive
Income level 16% 13% 71% 32% 43% 25% 88% 13% 0% 29% 23% 32%
Quality of housing 15% 37% 53% 31% 58% 12% 38% 25% 38% 27% 39% 33%
Quality of social networks of importance to livelihoods 8% 65% 32% 22% 22% 56% 75% 25% 0% 35% 37% 29%
Access to food 3% 21% 76% 9% 47% 44% 100% 0% 0% 37% 23% 40%
Access to social infrastructure 42% 0% 58% 8% 23% 69% 13% 0% 88% 21% 8% 72%
Positive livelihood changes 39% 31% 0% 23%
Mixed livelihood changes 61% 14% 7% 30%
Negative livelihood changes 0% 55% 93% 47%