Table 1. Main aspects of Doñana, according to the participants of the workshop. Aspect Before Now Causes of change? Main actors involved Beneficial to Harmful to Water Abundant Better quality Less demand and less management Scarce Worst quality Great demand and management Critical aspect Growth in demand Less efficient use Local population Farmers Administration Tourism and urbanism firms Farmers (increase of productivity) Private interests of landowners Landscape and biodiversity Biodiversity High Low conscience Integrated with the population Dropping and threatened Bigger conscience Ecosystem transformation Land-use changes Invasive species Local population Administration None Biodiversity Local population Land use Sparsely populated Isolated Traditional uses Without infrastructure Local religious importance Without feeling a need for protection Densely populated Connected to the outside New uses Many infrastructures Great growth of Rocío pilgrimage Feeling of a high value place Resource value enhancement strategy Connection of protected Doñana with surrounding territory Local population Administration ENGOs Scientists Natural Protected Areas managers Local population (greater feeling of cohesion and less isolation of Natural Protected Areas) Local population (limitations to resource use) Agriculture Traditional Dry-farmed Low productivity Local Diverse in crop varieties Intensive and high-tech farming Irrigation farming Highly productive Oriented to exportation Large expansion Highly dependent on water New technologies Use of water and land resources High economic profit Farmers Administrations European Union Consumers Enterprises Intermediates Local population (employment generation) Landscape and biodiversity Conservation of protected areas Bigger natural “balance” Less protective regulation Core of natural area was private Conservation not a theme of concern Less natural “balance” More protective regulation Larger public space More legal guarantees on protected area Administration imposition policy Growth of environmental concern Conservation programs Greater pressure on local nature Local population Environment Administration Scientists ENGOs Local population (greater knowledge of the value of Doñana) Local population (limitations to resource use)