Settlement Khawa Kedia Household cluster group Accumulator Diversifier Dependent Accumulator Diversifier Dependent Livelihood strategy Diversified strategy with tendency to specialize Diversified strategy with tendency for dependency Dependency strategy Specialized strategy Diversified strategy Dependency strategy Principal livelihood activities differentiating clusters (in order of significance) Livestock specialization often accompanied with permanent employment and/or commercial business Involved in broad range of activities; greatest dependence of all clusters on child benefits Dependent on destitute relief, orphan relief, pensions, and drought relief Livestock and arable cultivation specialization Employment, commercial business, livestock, and/or cultivation Dependent on destitute relief, orphan relief, pensions, and drought relief, as well as household level income strategies (e.g., alcohol brewing, baking) and laborer activities (e.g., herding/digging wells) Social Identity Pastoralist Hunter Employee (mainly working for government) Syndicate members Settlement leader Pastoralist Hunter-gatherer Herder Destitute Destitute Hunter-gatherer Agro-pastoralist Employee Agro-pastoralist Hunter Destitute Labourer Ethnic Identity Mixed (Bakgalagadi absent) 50% Batlharo 38% Bakgatla 12% Other Mixed (Bakgalagadi absent) 73% Batlharo 7% Bakgatla 20% Other Mixed (Bakgalagadi present) 77% Batlharo 9% Bakgatla 9% Bakgalagadi 5% Mix Bakgalanga 100% Bakalanga Mixed (minority groups absent) 40% Bakalanga 20% Bakurutse 20% Basarwa 20% Bateti and Bakgalagadi Mixed (includes a high proportion of Basarwa and all minority groups) 37% Bakalanga 33% Basarwa 15% Bateti 7% minority groups (Banajwa and Bakwena) Average household size (average number of adults absent from settlement in 2004/5) 10.5 (1.4) 10.5 (1.4) 9.1 (1.5) 6.3 (1.7) 6.7(1.6) 6.2 (0.9)