Table 2. Measures of habitat complexity, water quality, fish density, and marine-derived nutrients among five pan-Pacific Rim sites in the Salmonid Rivers Observatory Network (SaRON). Water chemistry values are means ± standard deviation, with range below. Bracketed values are sample sizes. Fish and water quality data are from main channel shallow shoreline sites only. Vegetation species/types sampled: Co = cottonwood (Populus spp.); W = willow (Salix spp.); D = red osier dogwood (Cornus sericea); F = Filipendula kamtschatica; Bl = Arctic blackberry (Rubus arcticus); Bi = paper birch (Betula papyrifera); G = grass (Poaceae); Sa = salmonberry (Rubus spectabilis); E = elderberry (Sambucus spp.); Se = Senecio cannabifolius; Ch = Chosenia arbutifolia; N = stinging nettle (Urtica dioica). All data are from SaRON 2004–2006 except for Skeena River (data from 2005–2006) and * Riverscape Analysis Project (2010); ** Quickbird floodplain imagery (Lorang et al. 2005).


Kitlope Skeena Kwethluk Kol Utkholok
Latitude * 53°15' N 54°12' N 60°49' N 53°49' N 57°43' N
Longitude * 127°54' W 129°35' W 116°24' W 155°57' E 156°52' E
Catchment area (km2) * 3206 51,383 3787 1502 1371
Channel complexity
(nodes per kilometer) **
18.03 21.65 21.49 16.32 4.96
Non-vegetative cover of
floodplain study reach **
49% 44% 11% 8% 18%
Large wood cover of floodplain study reach ** 0.88% 0.55% 0.01% n/a n/a
Annual max. water temp.
(ºC)
13.5 16.8 16.8 15.1 18.8
Nitrate and nitrite (μg L-1) 23.63 ± 23.60 (13)
88.40 – 96.32
19.80 ± 11.60 (9)
7.53 – 47.53
14.52 ± 6.50 (52)
4.94 – 40.52
167.23 ± 129.27 (27)
8.84 – 591.02
51.65 ± 42.79 (18)
0.49 – 118.658
Ammonium (μg L-1) 19.21± 43.18 (26)
0 – 206.59
13.23±13.81 (52)
0 – 67.42
13.45 ± 13.81 (78)
0 – 65.30
241.26 ± 307.12 (123)
0 – 2600
45.57 ± 28.89 (29)
9.22 – 151.64
Soluble reactive phosphorus
(μg L-1)
4.53 ± 5.16 (13)
0.71 – 15.55
2.29 ± 1.56 (9)
0.40 – 5.18
3.28 ± 1.44 (52)
0.51 – 66.54
13.95 ± 14.59 (28)
5.20 – 77.35
26.05 ± 27.18 (18)
7.06 – 107.14
Total organic carbon
(mg L-1)
0.79 ± 0.56 (11)
0.17 – 1.65
1.33 ± 0.66 (9)
0.56 – 2.42
2.43 ± 1.66 (51)
0.77 – 6.98
1.32 ± 0.38 (4)
1.02 – 1.86
8.92 ± 4.53 (14)
3.02 – 17.74
Dissolved organic carbon
(mg L-1)
0.47 ± 0.47 (24)
0 – 1.72
1.11 ± 0.64 (24)
0.26 – 2.69
1.92 ± 1.42 (77)
0.36 – 6.49
1.75 ± 0.82
1.03 – 3.56
7.46 ± 0.64
0.26 – 2.69
Specific conductance (μS) 15.8 ± 2.1 (22) 68.9 ± 5.9 (28) 105.8 ± 7.7 (87) 54.7 ± 6.9 (129) 71.8 ± 14.1 (98)
Juvenile salmonid density
(fish per square meter)
0.14 ± 0.08 (19) 0.20 ± 0.10 (11) 2.59 ± 5.70 (16) 3.71 ± 3.13 (16) 3.13 ± 4.04 (17)
Riparian plant foliar
δ15N (‰)
-4.11± 1.94 (74)
-5.83 – -3.73
-1.36 ± 1.05 (54)
-2.47 – 0.06
0.56 ± 1.48 (57)
-2.70 – 1.55
3.32±1.52 (74)
3.29 - 4.43
3.85 ± 2.20 (21)
1.38 - 5.58
Plants sampled for δ15N Co, E, G, D, Sa, W Co, G, D, W Bi, G, Bl, W(3), Co Ch, G, F, Se, N, W G, F, W