APPENDIX 1. Criteria for the conservation and sustainable management of temperate and boreal forests as defined by the Montreal Process and endorsed through the Santiago declaration in 1995. Source: Montreal Process Working Group 1999.

  1. Conservation of biological diversity
  2. Maintenance of the productive capacity of forest ecosystems
  3. Maintenance of forest ecosystem health and vitality
  4. Conservation and maintenance of soil and water resources
  5. Maintenance of forest contributions to global carbon cycles
  6. Maintenance and enhancement of long-term multiple socioeconomic benefits to meet the needs of societies
  7. Legal, institutional, and economic framework for forest conservation and sustainable management