Table 1. Principal factor analysis of social capital variables Social Capital Variables[1] Underlying factors (Unobservable) Factor 1: Bonding Factor 2: Gender Factor 3: Bridging and Linking Training or participation in study tours - - -0.334 Membership in a farmer group - - 0.690 Membership in more than one farmer group - - 0.462 Participation in community activities 0.654 - - Extent of trust among people 0.784 - - Cooperation among people 0.848 - - Extent of giving or exchanging gifts - - - Extent of financial contribution for community activities - - - Extent of financial contributions for farmer group activities - - -0.508 Spirit of helping others, especially the poor - - - Extent of settling of conflicts 0.434 0.399 - Extent of abiding by the norms and bylaws 0.397 0.475 - Women having confidence to speak in public 0.670 - Men’s respect for and consideration of ideas given by women - 0.787 - Presence of extension worker in community - - 0.412 Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) measure = 0.753 [1] These are features of social organization that are observable.