Table 5. Frequencies of clusters (percentages in parentheses) in terms of the socioeconomic and demographic characteristics of the respondents.
| |
| |
Socioeconomic/demographic
characteristic |
Supportive
of nature conservation |
Critical of
nature conservation |
Critical of tourism development |
| |
|
Residential area |
|
|
|
|
Ruka |
16 (72.7%) |
5 (22.7%) |
1 (4.5%) |
|
Syötekylä |
20 (64.5%) |
6 (19.4%) |
5 (16.1%) |
|
Northern Kuusamo |
25 (46.3%) |
23 (42.6%) |
6 (11.1%) |
|
Southern Kuusamo |
23 (41.1%) |
23 (41.4%) |
10 (17.9%) |
|
Sarajärvi |
27 (73.0%) |
5 (13.5%) |
5 (13.5%) |
|
Downtown Kuusamo |
40 (64.5%) |
18 (29.0%) |
4 (6.5%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Age |
|
|
|
|
20–44 yr |
46 (65.7%) |
18 (25.7%) |
6 (8.6%) |
|
45–64 yr |
71 (59.2%) |
31 (25.8%) |
18 (15.0%) |
|
65–90 yr |
32 (46.4%) |
31 (44.9%) |
6 (8.7%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Level of education |
|
|
|
|
Higher education |
47 (77.0%) |
10 (16.4%) |
4 (6.6%) |
|
High school |
48 (65.8%) |
16 (21.9%) |
9 (12.3%) |
|
Elementary school |
53 (43.8%) |
51 (42.1%) |
17 (14.0%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Primary occupation |
|
|
|
|
Entrepreneur |
22 (46.8%) |
17 (36.2%) |
8 (17.0%) |
|
Employee |
58 (66.7%) |
23 (26.4%) |
6 (6.9%) |
|
Pensioner |
45 (47.4%) |
36 (37.9%) |
14 (14.7%) |
|
Other |
25 (80.6%) |
3 (9.7%) |
3 (9.7%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Indigenousness |
|
|
|
|
Native |
56 (45.9%) |
49 (40.2%) |
17 (13.9%) |
|
Returnee |
45 (67.2%) |
14 (20.9%) |
8 (11.9%) |
|
Newcomer |
48 (68.6%) |
16 (22.9%) |
6 (8.6%) |
|
|
|
|
|
Frequency of contact with tourists through work |
|
|
|
Frequently |
31 (66.0%) |
14 (29.8%) |
2 (4.3%) |
|
Infrequently |
51 (63.0%) |
26 (32.1%) |
4 (4.9%) |
|
Not at all |
62 (50.4%) |
36 (29.3%) |
25 (20.3%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
The effects of nature conservation on household economy |
|
|
|
|
Disadvantage |
11 (24.4%) |
25 (55.6%) |
9 (20.0%) |
|
No effect |
118 (62.5%) |
53 (28.0%) |
18 (9.5%) |
|
Benefit |
17 (81.0%) |
2 (9.5%) |
2 (9.5%) |
|
| |
|