Table 1. Values used to derive parameters for baseline model. Measure Description Average value Units         Source Algae Average algae biomass 100,000.0 kg/km2 Polovina (1984), Hughes et al. (1987), McClanahan (1992, 1995), Polunin (1996) Coral Average coral biomass 45,000.0 kg/km2 McClanahan (1995) Fish growth Average reef fish growth 60.0 kg·km-2·d-1 Odum and Odum (1955), Lewis (1981), Edmunds and Spencer (1986), McClanahan (1995), Polunin (1996) Herbivore growth Herbivorous fish growth resulting from algae consumption 40.0 kg·km-2·d-1 McClanahan (1992) Piscivore growth Piscivorous fish growth resulting from herbivorous fish consumption 20.0 kg·km-2·d-1 Polunin (1996), McClanahan (1995) Piscivore density dependence Density dependent effect of piscivores on piscivores 9.8 kg·km-2·d-1 Polunin (1996), McClanahan (1995) Algae growth Average algae growth per day 10,000.0 kg·km-2·d-1 Wanders (1976), Atkinson and Grigg (1984), Berner (1990), McClanahan (1995) Polunin (1996) Coral growth Average coral growth per day 6000.0 kg·km-2·d-1 Wanders (1976), Atkinson and Grigg (1984), Berner (1990), McClanahan (1995), Polunin (1996) Algae on coral Effect of algae on coral 6000.0 kg·km-2·d-1 Atkinson and Grigg (1984), McClanahan (1995) Coral on algae Effect of coral on algae 3000.0 kg·km-2·d-1   Herbivores on algae Effect of herbivores on algae 7000.0 kg·km-2·d-1 Polunin (1996), McClanahan (1992) Piscivores on herbivores Effect of piscivores on herbivores 30.0 kg·km-2·d-1 Polunin (1996), McClanahan (1992) Humans on herbivores Effect of humans on herbivorous fish 2.0 kg·km-2·person-1·d-1 Jennings and Polunin (1996), Polunin and Klumpp (1989), Dalzell (1996) Humans on piscivores Effect of humans on piscivorous fish 3.0 kg·km-2·person-1·d-1 Jennings and Polunin (1996), Polunin and Klumpp (1989), Dalzell (1996)