Table 2.. Management spheres distinguished within transition management literature. Between the spheres, management activities differ in focus, scope, and time scale, based on (Loorbach and van Raak 2006). TM sphere Focus Problem scope Time scale Strategic Culture Abstract/societal system Long-term (30 years) Tactical Structures Institutions/regime Mid-term (5–15 years) Operational Practices Concrete/project Short-term (0–5 years)