Table 1. Characteristics of the four pathologies. Pathology Characterized by Description Poverty Trap Low Potential Low Connectedness Low Resilience Systems in a poverty trap have no capital, or potential to work with, nor is there any level of solidarity or cooperation to bring the potential together. Therefore, there is no ability to emerge from reorganization. Rigidity Trap High Potential High Connectedness High Resilience Misappropriation, i.e., waste of resources, dogmatism, and orthodoxy make these systems rigid, unable to change or innovate, and therefore vulnerable to change/surprise. Lock-In Trap Low Potential High Connectedness High Resilience Lock-in traps are often situations in which high levels of connectedness between actors and high levels of institutional resilience maintain otherwise maladaptive behaviors. Change is not possible because of the lack of potential. Chaos Trap High Potential Low Connectivity Low Resilience These systems have the potential to be many things, but lack of connectivity and resilience will prevent any particular combination from asserting itself, especially when faced with even the most minor of perturbations.