Table 1. Syndromes of cross-level, scale-dependent interplay. AEWC stands for Alaska Eskimo Whaling Commission; CCAMLR, Convention on the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources; IWC, International Whaling Commission; NAMMCO, North Atlantic Marine Mammal Commission; and Y-K, Yukon-Kuskokwim Rivers. Driving force Pattern/Type Outcome Example Limited authority Negotiated agreement Comanagement Y-K Delta Goose management Dynamics of decentralization De facto dominance Hegemony Ban on seal products Dueling discourses Separation Competing regimes IWC/NAMMCO/AEWC Cognitive transitions Merger Institutional synthesis CCAMLR/ecosystem-based management Blocking coalitions System change Institutional breakdown Alaskan wildlife