APPENDIX 1. Standardized definition and codes for socioeconomic variables for the four villages included in this study. Socioeconomic variables Descriptor type Codes Age quantitative age of farmer People quantitative number of people living in household Men quantitative number of men over the age of 15 living in household Children quantitative number of children under the age of 15 living in household Corn binary If corn is grown on plantation: 0=no, 1=yes Surface quantitative surface area of plantation in ha. Education ordinal education level of farmer: 0=none, 1=primary, 2= primary and secondary Use of field ordinal prior use of field: 0=none, 1=cornfield, 2=high bush, 3=mix of cornfield and brush Orchard quantitative age of coffee orchard Timber binary timber being replanted in coffee orchard: 0=no, 1=yes Shadow binary shadow trees being trimmed: 0=no, 1=yes Coffee trimmed binary coffee bushes trimmed: 0=no, 1=yes Shelled coffee binary coffee sold shelled: 0=no, 1=yes Fertilizer ordinal fertilizer use: 0=none, 1=s-simple, 2=triple abono, 3=sulfate, 4=s-simple & triple abono, 5=triple abono & fertimex, 6=unknown Pesticide ordinal pesticides use: 0=none, 1=uprocuat 2=gramazone, 3=cobre & gram., 4=foley & gram., 5=foley & paracuat, 6=karate quimic, 7=oxicloruro, 8=bonofolay, 9=kar. quim. & oxicl., 10=kar. quim. & bonof., 11=kara. quim., oxicl., & bonof. 12=oxicl. & bonof. Coffee grown ordinal types of coffee grown*: 1=mondonovo, 2=criollo, 3=café otro, 4=mondonovo & crio. 5=mondo., crio., & caturra, 6=mondo., crio., & garnica, 7=mondo., crio., cat., & garn., 8= mondo., crio., & otro, 9=mondo. & cat., 10=mondo., cat., & garn., 11=mondo., cat., & otro, 12=mondo. & borbon, 13=mondo. & otro, 14=crio. & cat., 15= crio., cat. & otro, 16= crio. & garn., 17= crio. & otro, 18= cat. & otro * Because only one coffee type was grown in San Lorenzo, criollo coffee was given the code “1” in the regional analysis, not “2” as shown here.